Reparations

3,100 Views | 56 Replies | Last: 2 yr ago by Sam Lowry
Greenbear
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I would like for someone to explain to me some plan as to how this might work because for the life of me I am not smart enough to figure who money would go to, how much we might pay, what good it would do and why in the future other generations won't want the same thing, again? Maybe if I understand how it might work I would better understand the calls for it.
boognish_bear
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Here is something I saw the other day talked about some possibilities.

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/how-we-rise/2021/06/11/time-will-not-heal-5-ways-to-address-the-inheritance-of-black-poverty-starting-now/

Time will not heal: 5 ways to address the inheritance of Black poverty, starting now

Richard V. ReevesFriday, June 11, 2021

"I've been poor my whole life, like a disease passing from generation to generation." So says Toby Howard in the movie Hell or High Water. It is a poignant line. But one thing about the character makes the statement highly unlikely: he's white. (Chris Pine plays the role).

In white families, poverty is almost never passed down "like a disease". Our just-published paper shows that just 1.3% of whites are experiencing third-generation poverty. By comparison, more than one in five Black Americans (21.3%) are in the third generation of their family to be poor. (The full paper, co-authored with Scott Winship and Santiago Deambrosi of AEI as well as Christopher Pulliam and Ariel Gelrud Shiro from our own team, is "Long Shadows: The Black-white gap in multigenerational poverty").

Our paper represents the first attempt to analyze income mobility patterns across three generations, back to the Civil Rights era, and it is an empirical challenge. But the overall pattern is starkly clear. Black Americans are sixteen times more likely to be in the third generation of poverty, defined as the bottom fifth of the income distribution (i.e. less than around $48,000 a year for a family of four in today's money).

Time does not always heal

Why such a stark difference? The most obvious answer is that Black poverty rates were very high indeed half a century ago. Most 30-something Black Americans (59%) have a grandparent who was poor, compared to just nine percent of whites. But this is not just a matter of history. Even in more recent generations, the chances of being stuck in poverty are much higher for Blacks (especially Black men) than for whites. Blacks also face a much higher risk of downward mobility into poverty. Black poverty is much "stickier" across generations.

It is said that time heals. But it is now quite clear that time alone will not heal the brutal inequities experienced by Black Americans. Just as intentional public policy contributed to creating these gaps, so intentional public policy will be needed to close them. Here are five potential approaches that should be on the policy agenda:

Transfer wealth to Black families
End housing segregation
Invest in education for Black students
Support Black men
Cut child poverty
Transfer wealth to Black families
The racial wealth gap is wide and as our colleague Bill Gale's work shows, likely getting wider. Wealth is not income, but it both represents long-run income gaps, and can help to increase opportunity for our children, for example by helping with the costs of college, buying a car, or with a down payment on an apartment in a new city.

The moral case for reparations to Black Americans, as made by Ta-Nehisi Coates, Sandy Darity and Kirsten Mullen, and others, is unanswerable. The politics and practicalities may be a different matter; but on this, read our colleagues Rashawn Ray and Andre Perry. But our research shows clearly that a wealth transfer policy aimed at the multi-generationally poor would disproportionately benefit Black Americans, since they make up the overwhelming majority of this group.

Such an approach would be an example of what I have elsewhere described as a "race conscious policy", occupying a middle ground between a race-based policy, such as straightforward reparations, and a so-called "race-blind" policy which does not consider racial differences in the impact of a policy. For example, Darity and Darrick Hamilton have also argued for "baby bonds" to children born to families with limited wealth.

End housing segregation
Low-income Black Americans are very much more likely to live in areas of concentrated poverty, a reflection of the deep segregation of U.S. cities. Patrick Sharkey's work shows that 62 percent of Black Americans born between 19551970 grew up in neighborhoods where at least a fifth of residents were poor, compared to just 4 percent of whites. Thirty years later, essentially nothing had changed. Two thirds (66%) of Black Americans born between 19852000 grew up in such neighborhoods, compared with just 6 percent of whites.

Land use regulations stand in the way of integration, especially in the form of "exclusionary zoning", as work by our colleague Jenny Schuetz shows. At the same time, policymakers need to build in defenses against potential downsides of gentrification, as Jenna Davis argues.

Invest in education for Black students
Education is strongly related to upward mobility, as a series of reports from Opportunity Insights, led by Prof Raj Chetty has shown. But the education system puts Black students at a disadvantage at every stage. Reform of K-12 funding is needed, as Sarah Reber and Nora Gordon argue. And there is much work to do at the post-secondary level, including further investments in HBCUs, as well as a concerted policy assault on the for-profit sector, which preys on students of color in particular. College completion rates for Black students are much lower than for others and a greater investment in proven strategies to promote retention, such as the ASAP program, is needed.

Support Black men
The prosperity of Black families is hit hard by the combination of racism and sexism faced by Black men in particular. Previous work I conducted with Winship, and subsequent work by Chetty's team, has shown that Black men have the lowest rates of upward mobility much lower, in fact, than for Black women. As our colleague Camille Busette has written:

"To be male, poor, and either African-American or Native-American is to confront, on a daily basis, a deeply held racism that exists in every social institution. No other demographic group has fared as badly, so persistently and for so long." To meet this "appalling crisis," she calls for nothing less than "a New Deal for Black men." Similarly Jhacova Williams argues on this blog that "A Black Brother needs love, too".

This should include reform of the criminal justice system, action against the systematic exclusion of Black boys and men from educational institutions, tailored programs for college students, and much more. There is much work to do for the new and vitally important Commission on the Social Status of Black Men and Boys.

Abolish child poverty
Although the focus of our new paper is on poverty over the long term, and by implication on the need to break the mechanisms through which poverty is passed from one generation to the next this does not preclude aggressive policy action to raise incomes at the bottom of the distribution here and now. In fact, reducing child poverty today is likely to help those children tomorrow, as Christopher Pulliam and I argue in support of the expanded child tax credit and for making the expansion permanent. Monthly payments to qualifying families with children $300 for each child under age 6 and up to $250 per month for those between ages 6 and 17 will begin on July 15th. As we write "A direct cash transfer, then, can be both a powerful anti-poverty policy, and likely to be a pro-mobility policy, too: the policy equivalent of a two-fer."

Intentional policy needed, now

This is of course not intended to be a comprehensive list, rather a sketch of a possible policy landscape. No doubt there are many more policies that could improve upward mobility for Black Americans. But one thing is clear. Breaking the cycle of multigenerational poverty means, above all, breaking the cycle of Black multigenerational poverty and the systems that lie behind it.
RD2WINAGNBEAR86
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Greenbear said:

I would like for someone to explain to me some plan as to how this might work because for the life of me I am not smart enough to figure who money would go to, how much we might pay, what good it would do and why in the future other generations won't want the same thing, again? Maybe if I understand how it might work I would better understand the calls for it.


How much do we pay Clarence Thomas? How much do we pay Oprah Winfrey? Lebroom James? Since Barack Obama is half black and half white, does he just pay himself?
"Never underestimate Joe's ability to **** things up!"

-- Barack Obama
Whiskey Pete
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RD2WINAGNBEAR86 said:

Greenbear said:

I would like for someone to explain to me some plan as to how this might work because for the life of me I am not smart enough to figure who money would go to, how much we might pay, what good it would do and why in the future other generations won't want the same thing, again? Maybe if I understand how it might work I would better understand the calls for it.


How much do we pay Clarence Thomas? How much do we pay Oprah Winfrey? Lebroom James? Since Barack Obama is half black, does he just pay himself?
Well you know. Clarence Thomas could've been Chief Justice Roberts instead of just Justice Thomas if he wasn't black.
Wrecks Quan Dough
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Sue the Democrat Party for its historic support of systemic racism: 1. slavery; 2. Segregation; and 3. Jim Crow. Distribute the proceeds to underserved black families.
Thee University
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Reparations are only due to the American Indian
"The education of a man is never completed until he dies." - General Robert E. Lee
Whiskey Pete
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Reparations is a sham political tool used over and over to give something dems can use to try and get votes.

I think that any white person who has been denied a job or college admission due to inherently racist affirmative actions deserves reparations.

Sure would be nice for the black community to than all those white people who are descendants of union soldiers that died in battle in part to free their ancestors.
Porteroso
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I don't support reparations at all. I think there was a time for it, during reconstruction, but this far removed from it, the ideas that make sense are true for all races. Addressing poor education, child poverty, and segregated neighborhoods benefits all children who suffer from those. You'd have to be a monster to only want black children freed from hunger.
JXL
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Will there be an honest discussion on why the War on Poverty was such a colossal failure?
nein51
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I think it's an offensive and patently stupid ideabut no more stupid than the 80 rounds of free government "stimulus" (sorry vote buying handout).

In fairness my real problem is that there's no way to make the problem go away with money. The problem is socioeconomic not race. Ie if you print money, hand money to people who have no money, you don't get a narrowed gap over timeyou get poor people with new stuff.
Canon
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nein51 said:

I think it's an offensive and patently stupid ideabut no more stupid than the 80 rounds of free government "stimulus" (sorry for buying handout).

In fairness my real problem is that there's no way to make the problem go away with money. The problem is socioeconomic not race. Ie if you print money, hand money to people who have no money, you don't get a narrowed gap over timeyou get poor people with new stuff.


The fact is, if reparations ever do happen, there's a handful of things we can all invest in to get rich off the quick transfer of cash that will take place from the recipients to dealers in anything culturally relevant. Invest in Nike, Jewlery chains, audio equipment, etc. If it has a veneer of wealth, invest in it. You'll be worth a fortune in short order.
whiterock
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"invest in education"

Like we haven't done that already.


"We are arguing about things that don't matter."
--Mom
nein51
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Unfortunately this is probably accurate. Walmart, Best Buy, etc.

Giving money to poor people doesn't change anything long term.
BUBear24
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Is there gonna be a tax exempt form with the IRS for those of us with American ties after the civil war? Not sure what my Swedish boat captain and Cherokee squaw predecessors owe.
Booray
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We have been paying reparations since the beginning of the great society. It hasn't helped.

One route out of poverty is there. Between my dad's career and my shorter time in, I was around the US military for 30 years. I saw thousands of disadvantaged kids make a life for themselves, whether they were career or served a 4-year enlistment and then took advantage of educational benefits. If you are willing to be a reasonably responsible human being, it is there for you.

The military is not for everyone. Would love a civilian service equivalent.
Canon
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nein51 said:

Unfortunately this is probably accurate. Walmart, Best Buy, etc.

Giving money to poor people doesn't change anything long term.


It would just be 40 million mini lottery payouts. Lottery winners don't generally end up doing all that great.
BusyTarpDuster2017
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boognish_bear said:

Here is something I saw the other day talked about some possibilities.

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/how-we-rise/2021/06/11/time-will-not-heal-5-ways-to-address-the-inheritance-of-black-poverty-starting-now/


Any discussion about the cycle of poverty in blacks that does not address cultural and behavioral problems within the black community as being a major cause, is NOT an honest discussion. Your article is one of those.
Redbrickbear
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Rawhide said:

Reparations is a sham political tool used over and over to give something dems can use to try and get votes.


Agree,

But if a one time reparations payment to black Americans (those that can prove actual slave descent) of say $50,000 would end the discussion I would go for it.

It would be more than worth it to put this issue behind the United States.

But the problem is that there are just to many race grifters, leftist political figures, and corporate Media interests who are addicted to keeping the issue alive and kicking.

Even a good reparations payment will just be said to not be enough....and 10 years down the road the demands for another payment or payments will just continue.
Doc Holliday
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Booray said:

If you are willing to be a reasonably responsible human being, it is there for you.
We have a massive labor shortage with loads of opportunity and people act as if they live in a caste society,

What we have today are millions of lazy and envious people who aren't reasonably responsible human beings.
Wrecks Quan Dough
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Doc Holliday said:

Booray said:

If you are willing to be a reasonably responsible human being, it is there for you.
We have a massive labor shortage with loads of opportunity and people act as if they live in a caste society,

What we have today are millions of lazy and envious people who aren't reasonably responsible human beings.
And that is why I am against a civilian work corps or a civilian analog to the military. Why should taxpayers pay people who refuse to go get jobs that are available? Honestly, if you don't want to work, then you should not eat. This is not the depression where jobs could not be found.

I am sacking my own groceries now (and getting pretty good at it :-) ). Apparently, the grocery store, which pays a good wage and benefits, cannot hire enough people to have sackers like it used to. I have never seen before so many job opportunities and so much reluctance on the part of so many to take those opportunities.
Booray
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Doc Holliday said:

Booray said:

If you are willing to be a reasonably responsible human being, it is there for you.
We have a massive labor shortage with loads of opportunity and people act as if they live in a caste society,

What we have today are millions of lazy and envious people who aren't reasonably responsible human beings.
Many of the kids I referenced learned their discipline and work ethic in the military. A civilian service corps could expand that learning.
boognish_bear
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BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

Here is something I saw the other day talked about some possibilities.

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/how-we-rise/2021/06/11/time-will-not-heal-5-ways-to-address-the-inheritance-of-black-poverty-starting-now/


Any discussion about the cycle of poverty in blacks that does not address cultural and behavioral problems within the black community as being a major cause, is NOT an honest discussion. Your article is one of those.


So you believe the black is inferior to the white race?
Doc Holliday
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Booray said:

Doc Holliday said:

Booray said:

If you are willing to be a reasonably responsible human being, it is there for you.
We have a massive labor shortage with loads of opportunity and people act as if they live in a caste society,

What we have today are millions of lazy and envious people who aren't reasonably responsible human beings.
Many of the kids I referenced learned their discipline and work ethic in the military. A civilian service corps could expand that learning.

It sounds great in theory, but I'd caution you. Military expenditures far outpace what skills and jobs it creates. Why wouldn't your civilian service corps end up in the same boat?
Wrecks Quan Dough
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Doc Holliday said:

Booray said:

Doc Holliday said:

Booray said:

If you are willing to be a reasonably responsible human being, it is there for you.
We have a massive labor shortage with loads of opportunity and people act as if they live in a caste society,

What we have today are millions of lazy and envious people who aren't reasonably responsible human beings.
Many of the kids I referenced learned their discipline and work ethic in the military. A civilian service corps could expand that learning.

It sounds great in theory, but I'd caution you. Military expenditures far outpace what skills and jobs it creates. Why wouldn't your civilian service corps end up in the same boat?
Civilian corps is just another welfare program to be abused by our elected officials and the permanent government that controls them.
BusyTarpDuster2017
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boognish_bear said:

BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

Here is something I saw the other day talked about some possibilities.

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/how-we-rise/2021/06/11/time-will-not-heal-5-ways-to-address-the-inheritance-of-black-poverty-starting-now/


Any discussion about the cycle of poverty in blacks that does not address cultural and behavioral problems within the black community as being a major cause, is NOT an honest discussion. Your article is one of those.


So you believe the black is inferior to the white race?
^^^^
Ladies and gentlemen, I give you exhibit A as to why we can't ever have an honest discussion about this with the left.
boognish_bear
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BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

Here is something I saw the other day talked about some possibilities.

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/how-we-rise/2021/06/11/time-will-not-heal-5-ways-to-address-the-inheritance-of-black-poverty-starting-now/


Any discussion about the cycle of poverty in blacks that does not address cultural and behavioral problems within the black community as being a major cause, is NOT an honest discussion. Your article is one of those.


So you believe the black is inferior to the white race?
^^^^
Ladies and gentlemen, I give you exhibit A as to why we can't ever have an honest discussion about this with the left.


I'm not sure what else to conclude when you place the struggles of the black community on cultural and behavioral problems.
Redbrickbear
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JXL said:

Will there be an honest discussion on why the War on Poverty was such a colossal failure?
No
BusyTarpDuster2017
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boognish_bear said:

BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

Here is something I saw the other day talked about some possibilities.

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/how-we-rise/2021/06/11/time-will-not-heal-5-ways-to-address-the-inheritance-of-black-poverty-starting-now/


Any discussion about the cycle of poverty in blacks that does not address cultural and behavioral problems within the black community as being a major cause, is NOT an honest discussion. Your article is one of those.


So you believe the black is inferior to the white race?
^^^^
Ladies and gentlemen, I give you exhibit A as to why we can't ever have an honest discussion about this with the left.


I'm not sure what else to conclude when you place the struggles of the black community on cultural and behavioral problems.
So, you're stupid, is what you're telling me?
Redbrickbear
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boognish_bear said:

BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

Here is something I saw the other day talked about some possibilities.

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/how-we-rise/2021/06/11/time-will-not-heal-5-ways-to-address-the-inheritance-of-black-poverty-starting-now/


Any discussion about the cycle of poverty in blacks that does not address cultural and behavioral problems within the black community as being a major cause, is NOT an honest discussion. Your article is one of those.


So you believe the black is inferior to the white race?
^^^^
Ladies and gentlemen, I give you exhibit A as to why we can't ever have an honest discussion about this with the left.


I'm not sure what else to conclude when you place the struggles of the black community on cultural and behavioral problems.
Because the out of wedlock birth rate is highest among Black-Americans.

https://www.beyondblackwhite.com/from-72-to-77-out-of-wedlock-births-are-black-women-marriage-averse/

Is that not cultural/behavioral?

In some cases like Philadelphia they live 1 hour away from Amish-American communities with around 1% out of wedlock birth rates.

Is that not cultural/behavioral? Or are you suggesting there is a racial difference and not a cultural difference between the two communities?
boognish_bear
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BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

Here is something I saw the other day talked about some possibilities.

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/how-we-rise/2021/06/11/time-will-not-heal-5-ways-to-address-the-inheritance-of-black-poverty-starting-now/


Any discussion about the cycle of poverty in blacks that does not address cultural and behavioral problems within the black community as being a major cause, is NOT an honest discussion. Your article is one of those.


So you believe the black is inferior to the white race?
^^^^
Ladies and gentlemen, I give you exhibit A as to why we can't ever have an honest discussion about this with the left.


I'm not sure what else to conclude when you place the struggles of the black community on cultural and behavioral problems.
So, you're stupid, is what you're telling me?


Ok.after you deflected the twice I'm done. All I wanted was a yes or no.
Booray
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Doc Holliday said:

Booray said:

Doc Holliday said:

Booray said:

If you are willing to be a reasonably responsible human being, it is there for you.
We have a massive labor shortage with loads of opportunity and people act as if they live in a caste society,

What we have today are millions of lazy and envious people who aren't reasonably responsible human beings.
Many of the kids I referenced learned their discipline and work ethic in the military. A civilian service corps could expand that learning.

It sounds great in theory, but I'd caution you. Military expenditures far outpace what skills and jobs it creates. Why wouldn't your civilian service corps end up in the same boat?
The job training is just a huge collateral benefit. I visit the state parks and some of the infrastructure we still rely on built through direct government employment in the depression and think the benefit of those programs far outweighed the cost.
4th and Inches
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boognish_bear said:

BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

Here is something I saw the other day talked about some possibilities.

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/how-we-rise/2021/06/11/time-will-not-heal-5-ways-to-address-the-inheritance-of-black-poverty-starting-now/


Any discussion about the cycle of poverty in blacks that does not address cultural and behavioral problems within the black community as being a major cause, is NOT an honest discussion. Your article is one of those.


So you believe the black is inferior to the white race?
^^^^
Ladies and gentlemen, I give you exhibit A as to why we can't ever have an honest discussion about this with the left.


I'm not sure what else to conclude when you place the struggles of the black community on cultural and behavioral problems.
so what does cultural/behavior problems have to do with race?
GrowlTowel
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JXL said:

Will there be an honest discussion on why the War on Poverty was such a colossal failure?
It wasn't a failure. It did exactly what it was intended to do.
Your ideas are intriguing to me, and I wish to subscribe to your newsletter.
boognish_bear
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4th and Inches said:

boognish_bear said:

BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

Here is something I saw the other day talked about some possibilities.

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/how-we-rise/2021/06/11/time-will-not-heal-5-ways-to-address-the-inheritance-of-black-poverty-starting-now/


Any discussion about the cycle of poverty in blacks that does not address cultural and behavioral problems within the black community as being a major cause, is NOT an honest discussion. Your article is one of those.


So you believe the black is inferior to the white race?
^^^^
Ladies and gentlemen, I give you exhibit A as to why we can't ever have an honest discussion about this with the left.


I'm not sure what else to conclude when you place the struggles of the black community on cultural and behavioral problems.
so what does cultural/behavior problems have to do with race?


That would be a question for BusyTarp. He said "cultural and behavioral problems within the black community"
Doc Holliday
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boognish_bear said:

BusyTarpDuster2017 said:

boognish_bear said:

Here is something I saw the other day talked about some possibilities.

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/how-we-rise/2021/06/11/time-will-not-heal-5-ways-to-address-the-inheritance-of-black-poverty-starting-now/


Any discussion about the cycle of poverty in blacks that does not address cultural and behavioral problems within the black community as being a major cause, is NOT an honest discussion. Your article is one of those.
So you believe the black is inferior to the white race?
Explain the data behind fatherless black homes. Why is that happening at such a high rate? It's not unique to poverty. If that was happening to white people, I'd conclude that it's become normalized and accepted behavior in the white community instead of blaming society.

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