Osodecentx said:
Pretty good analysis. 2 questions:
1. What do you think the Russian GDP is after sanctions, say in 1 month or 6 months? I think the world's sanctions are devastating the Russian economy.
2. How many soldiers per 1,000 citizens does it take to occupy a country? IOW, what number of Russian troops won't be going home? Do you think UKR will just give up on Donbass?
1) Sanctions are not helping, for sure, and they are close to being, if not already in, a recession which will be harder to break from than "normal" given the ongoing sanctions. That said, there are limits to how far sanctions can go. Sanctions are designed to increase the cost, financial and political, of a given policy course. The financial parts are onerous. But the political costs not so much. Russia is not a democracy, so there is no chance of a change in govt in weeks/months as could occur in a parliamentary system. Similarly, the Russian people have an almost romantic willingness to endure hardships. It's like...what they do. So while there are demonstrations, they do not reflect the critical mass of the people in the country, who are much closer (at this time) to Putin's Slavic Orthodox nationalist worldview. There really isn't a scenario in view in 2022 where mass uprisings in Red Square topple the Putin regime. And amid all that, Putin has done a good job of surrounding himself with loyalty in security & military leadership. Finally, and most importantly......remember that the Russian economy is basically a gas station masquerading as a country. Oil/gas production/products are over half of exports and about 15% of the total economy. There will always be buyers in third world countries with lots of need and no conscience about buying things Russian. Put another way, if you were to design an economy well suited to endure sanctions that inhibit international trade and banking, it would look something like Russia's. To really hurt them, we'd have to just shut off Russian energy exports, which would be difficult to accomplish and run into a ton of international resistance as such would harm too many countries just flat need it and cannot do without it.
So don't expect sanctions to fundamentally change Russian behavior. It's just making Russian behavior more expensive.
2) The number of soldiers per/cap to pacify is a hard number to cite, because there are so many variables politically and geographically. Insurgencies are harder to mount in desert countries than jungle countries. harder in flat countries than mountainous countries. Etc.....and then there is national character - how hard are the peoples willing to fight, and for how long. The Ukranians are pegging the scale on "ungovernable" at the moment. The Russian Army, currently, may not be big enough. So Russian tactics at the moment are designed not to destroy the Ukrainian army or government, but rather to destroy the will of the Ukrainian people. Russia is well suited for such. They have no qualms about doing it and have a large army and a lot of artillery. We do not see Russians fanning out to pacify. We see them remaining in unit order to push conventional attacks. That means the battle is still engaged. And the Ukrainians show no sign of breaking. So this is going to go on for a while in "war" mode. "Pacification" mode is still out there in the future somewhere.
UKR will never "give up" on Donbas in principle, but put yourself in Zelensky's shoes: Would you sign a peace agreement that allowed the Russian Army ALL withdraw to Donbass and Crimea and stay there? that would allow the rest of the country to be spare from more war? Most leaders would, I think, be sorely tempted. A rational leader does not fight for the sake of fighting. They fight to secure a peace. Russia will keep at it as long as they think they have the initiative. Right now, it's hard to see much initiative on the UKR side. They took back a Kiev suburb yesterday. Good. But otherwise, it seems the Russians are slowly tightening the noose (as fast as December molasses, but still tightening). So every day, Russia's position at negotiations gets a little stronger, and UKR's gets a little weaker.
We have not seen Russian units "break." No retreats forced on Russian Generals. Russia will not give concessions until that starts to happen. Pressure now is all on Zelensky. And credit to him, he is standing like Churchill in his nation's darkest hour. That the outcome is not entirely foreordained means he still has a chance to salvage much of his country.
All of that explains why I urge (and I think Biden admin to some degree is doing - hard to tell how far because much is covert or unreported.....) feeding the Ukrainians most of what they ask for. Help them maul the Russian bear. We could make the Russian army unusable for the next 5 years. It would instill in the Russian military a more sober appreciation for their own inadequacies. And a military defeat in Ukraine would put the kind of strain on the Putin regime that sanctions could never come close to inflicting.