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I think it's interesting that you bring this up. It was the Roman church that kept people from reading the Bible. For hundreds of years, the Catholics used their political power to make it illegal to own a Bible without a license from the catholic leadership. They also made it illegal or highly restricted for the Bible to be printed in any language other than Latin, even though the only purple who could read Latin were the clergy.
The Gutenberg Bible was printed in the 1450s. That's one thousand, four hundred, fifty years after Christ. Prior that, it was scribes and scrolls. So even apart from Roman Catholic decrees, which I list below, the technology for every Christian to own his own copy of the Bible did not exist. The literacy rates were low so even if magically this obstacle was overcome, the majority of the owners could not read what they owned.
As for your correct assertions regarding the Roman Catholic Church and the Bible, the following is a list of their decrees.
At
the Council of Toulouse (1229 A.D), papal church leaders ruled: "We prohibit laymen possessing copies of the Old and New Testament … We forbid them most severely to have the above books in the popular vernacular."
The Roman Catholic Council of Tarragona also ruled that: "No one may possess the books of the Old and New Testaments in the Romance language, and if anyone possesses them he must turn them over to the local bishop within eight days after the promulgation of this decree, so that they may be burned."
The Council of Trent (1545-1564) placed the Bible on its list of prohibited books, and forbade any person to read the Bible without a license from a Roman Catholic bishop or inquisitor. The Council added these words:
"That if any one shall dare to read or keep in his possession that book, without such a license, he shall not receive absolution till he has given it up to his ordinary."These councils were strictly councils of the Latin church, and not accepted by the Churches of Jerusalem, Egypt, Antioch, Constantinople, Moscow, India, or Japan. Like other decrees of Latin Church councils after the schism (a celibate priesthood, the immaculate conception of Mary, etc) they had no bearing on Christendom outside Western Europe and her colonies.
What do those churches teach?
What do the Orthodox think about the Bible? What about Sola Scriptura?
Much of the content of Orthodox worship services consists of readings from the Scriptures, especially the Psalms. Readings from the Gospel occur at most services, along with regular readings from the Epistles. There are not now, nor have there ever been, any restrictions on the laity with regard to reading the Scripturesthey are, and always have been, encouraged to read them. As for Sola Scriptura, we believe that the Scriptures are the "canon"the measuring stickwhich must be applied to all doctrine, but it is not the only source doctrine. In other words, not all doctrine is found in the Scriptures, but no Orthodox doctrine contradicts the Scriptures.
Why is this so?
It's because the Orthodox Church
actually produced the Bible. The Church also lived Christian life to the fullest for centuries before the canon of the New Testament was even recognizable (AD 367). As such, the Bible is always understood within the life of the Church, not above or apart from it. The Bible is the Church's book.