BusyTarpDuster2017 said:
Well, no, you TRIED to demonstrate it, but failed. You're only looking dishonest by denying the clear and unambiguous language of Augustine.
Your views just don't line up with accurate church history. The views of the "Real Presence" amongst the church fathers did not all involve transsubstantiation. The symbolic/spiritual view was held by many, and many others had an overlapping view. But in regards to Augustine in particular, prominent historians J.N.D Kelly and Philip Schaff both affirm the non-literal, symbolic/spiritual view of the Eucharist by Augustine:
"Eucharistic teaching, it should be understood at the outset, was in general unquestionably realist, i.e. the consecrated bread and wine were taken to be, and were treated and designated as, the Saviour's body and blood. Among theologians, however, this identity was interpreted in our period (4th century) in at least two different ways, and these interpretations, mutually exclusive though they were in strict logic, were often allowed to overlap. In the first place, the figurative or symbolical view, which stressed the distinction between the visible elements and the reality they represented, still claimed a measure of support. It harked back, as we have seen, to Tertullian and Cyprian, and was given a renewed lease of life through the powerful influence of Augustine." - (J.N.D. Kelly, Early Christian Doctrines (San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1978), pp.440-441, 445-446).
"The doctrine of the Lord's Supper became the subject of two controversies in the Western church, especially in France. The first took place in the middle of the ninth century between Paschius Radbertus and Ratramnus, the other in the middle of the eleventh century between Berengar and Lanfranc. In both cases the conflict was between a materialistic and a spiritualistic conception of the sacrament and its effect. the one was based on a literal, the other on a figurative interpretation of the words of institution, and of the mysterious discourse in the sixth chapter of St. John. The contending parties agreed in the belief that Christ is present in the eucharist as the bread of life to believers; but they differed widely in their conception of the mode of that presence: the one held that Christ was literally and corporeally present and communicated to all communicants through the mouth; the other, that he was spiritually present and spiritually communicated to believers through faith … The spiritual theory was backed by the all-powerful authority of St. Augustine in the West…" - (Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1910), pp. 544-545).
Color me impressed.
You found two protestants that claim that Augustine "affirms the non-literal, symbolic/spiritual view of the Eucharist". I bet you could find me some fat girls at McDonald's at lunchtime ordering a Big Mac and a Diet Coke.
Having said that, J. N. D. Kelly, writes: "Eucharistic teaching, it should be understood at the
outset, was in general
unquestioningly realist, i.e., the consecrated bread and wine were taken to be, and were treated and designated as, the
Savior's body and blood" (Early Christian Doctrines, 440).
"Ignatius roundly declares that . . . [t]he bread is the flesh of Jesus, the cup his blood.
Clearly he intends this realism to be taken strictly, for he makes it the basis of his argument against the Docetists' denial of the reality of Christ's body. . . . Irenaeus teaches that the bread and wine are really the Lord's body and blood. His witness is, indeed, all the more impressive because he produces it quite incidentally while refuting the Gnostic and Docetic rejection of the Lord's real humanity" (ibid., 19798).
"Hippolytus speaks of 'the body and the blood' through which the Church is saved, and Tertullian regularly describes the bread as 'the Lord's body.' The converted pagan, he remarks, 'feeds on the richness of the Lord's body, that is, on the Eucharist.' The
realism of his theology comes to light in the argument, based on the intimate relation of body and soul, that just as in baptism the body is washed with water so that the soul may be cleansed, so in the Eucharist '
the flesh feeds upon Christ's body and blood so that the soul may be filled with God.' Clearly his assumption is that the Savior's body and blood are as real as the baptismal water. Cyprian's attitude is similar. Lapsed Christians who claim communion without doing penance, he declares, 'do violence to his body and blood, a sin more heinous against the Lord with their hands and mouths than when they denied him.' Later he expatiates on the terrifying consequences of profaning the sacrament, and the stories he tells confirm that he took the
Real Presence literally" (ibid., 21112).
So, will you accept that "prominent historian" JND Kelly fully and completely affirms that from the beginning of the Church ("outset"), the Real Presence was believed?
JND Kelly confirms what I've said this entire time, that the
Real Presence was believed by the Church since Apostolic times.I wanted to add at least one Catholic source concerning Augustine's belief in the Real Presence:
From Dr. Lawrence Feingold, theologian and philosopher, who came from a family that had roots in Judaism, but he himself grew up agnostic. He and his wife both converted to Catholicism -
St. Augustine's theology of the Eucharist stresses its proper effect, which is the unity of the Mystical Body. It has this effect of binding together the Mystical Body of Christ precisely because the members of the Church receive the real Body and Blood of Christ. In other words, the charity that binds the Church together is the proper effect of receiving the Body and Blood of Christ.
In this way St. Augustine is also
stressing the realism of Christ's Body and Blood in the Eucharist, present under the sacramental species. (
The Eucharist: Mystery of Presence, Sacrifice, and Communion, Emmaus Academic, 2018)