2. "Smart" mRNA: Targeted Precision
One of the biggest hurdles in mRNA therapy has been "off-target effects"mRNA going where it isn't needed. In late 2025, Mount Sinai researchers developed
cSMRTS (cell-selective modRNA translation system).
- How it works: This mRNA has a built-in "on/off switch." It "senses" the environment inside a cell; if it detects it is inside a cancer cell, it turns on and produces a toxic protein to kill the cell. If it's in a healthy cell, it stays off.
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- The Impact: This allows for much higher doses of treatment with nearly zero side effects in healthy tissue.