Fat Daddy said:

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Historian... you ok? Hope so!

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We've become spoiled.

Fat Daddy said:

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Historian... you ok? Hope so!

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Thanks for your concern. I'm fine, but traveling.

June 1:

1533: Anne Boleynwas crowned Queen of England.

1648: The Roundheads defeated the Cavaliers at the Battle of Maidstone during the English Civil War.

1670: Charles II of England secretly signed the Treaty of Dover with Louis XIV of France.

1779: Court martial of Benedict Arnold.

1792: Kentucky was admitted as the 15thstate.

1796: Tennessee was admitted as the 16thstate.

1801: Birthday of Brigham Young, Mormon leader

1804: Birthday of Mikhail Glinka, Russian composer

1812: Pres. James Madison asked Congress to declare war on Britain, thus beginning the War of 1812. This was the first time in U.S. history that a president sought a declaration of war, although it was not the first war under the constitution.

1833: Birthday of John Marshall Harlan, Supreme Court justice known as "The Great Dissenter" for his many dissents on cases that restricted civil rights including, most notably, Plessy v Ferguson(1896)

1868: Death of James Buchanan, 15thpresident of the U.S.

1890: The U.S. Census Bureau began using Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine to count the data.

1900: Future president Herbert Hoover and his wife Lou were caught up in the Boxer Rebellion while honeymooning in China.

1907: Birthday of Frank Whittle, English aviation engineer who developed the jet engine

1916: Louis Brandeis became the first Jewish Supreme Court justice.

1918: Battle of Belleau Wood: Allied forces, including a significant number of Americans, fought the Germans during their last major offensive of WWI.

1921: Birthday of Nelson Riddle, American composer and band leader

1926: Birthday of Marilyn Monroe, singer & actor

1926: Birthday of Andy Griffith, actor

1932: Birthday of Christopher Lasch, American historian and critic

1934: Founding of Nissan Motor Company.

1937: Birthday of Morgan Freeman, American actor

1940: Birthday of Rene Auberjonois, American actor

1941: Crete fell to the Germans.

1941: A massive pogrom against the Jews called the Farhud began in Iraq.

1942: A Warsaw underground newspaper, the Liberty Brigade, revealed the Holocaust publicly. They described how the Germans were gassing Jews at the Chelmno death camp in Poland. The news reached the west but nothing was done about it because of the war.

1943: German forces shot down a British plane killing actor Leslie Howard.

1945: Birthday of Frederica von Stade, American soprano

1962: Adolf Eichmann, one of the primary architects of the Holocaust, was hanged in Jerusalem for his crimes.

1967: The Beatles released the album, "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band."

1968: Death of Hellen Keller, American author and activist

1974: The Heimlich maneuver for rescuing choking victims was published.

1980: Ted Turner launched CNN.

1988: The European Central Bank was established in Brussels.

1990: Pres. George H. W. Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev agreed to end the production of chemical weapons.

2004: Oklahoma City bombing co-conspirator Terry Nichols was sentenced to 161 consecutive life sentences with no possibility of parole.

June 2:

455: Sack of Rome: The Vandals entered the city and began two weeks of plunder.

1098: First Crusade: The first Siege of Antioch ended with the Crusaders taking the city. The second siege began five days later.

1692: Bridget Bishop was the first person tried for witchcraft in Salem, Massachusetts. She was found guilty and later hanged.

1740: Birthday of the Marquis de Sade, French philosopher and politician

1763: Pontiac's Rebellion: Chippewas captured Fort Michilimackinac by distracting the garrison with a game of lacrosee and chasing a ball into the fort.

1774: Parliament renewed and expanded the Quartering Act, allowing Redcoats to stay in private homes if necessary (as decided by British officials). It was the last of the Coercive Acts designed to punish the Massachusetts colony for the Boston Tea Party.

1835: P. T. Barnum and his circus began their first tour of the U.S.

1865: General Edmund Kirby Smith, commander of Confederate forces west of the Mississippi River, surrendered, the last Confederate army to do so.

1882: Death of Giuseppe Garibaldi, Italian general and politician

1886: Pres. Grover Cleveland became the first sitting president to marry in the White House. His bride was Frances Folsom, 27 years his junior.

1919: Anarchists simultaneously detonated bombs in 8 U.S. cities.

1924: Pres. Calvin Coolidge signed the Indian Citizenship Act official making Native Americans citizens of the U.S.

1935: Retirement of Babe Ruth from major league baseball

1941: Death of Lou Gehriga t age 37 from the disease named for him

1944: Birthday of Marvin Hamlisch, American composer and conductor

1948: Birthday of Jerry Mathers, American actor (aka "the Beaver")

1953: Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II.

1954: Sen. Joseph McCarthy alleged that communists had infiltrated the CIA.

1964: The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) was established.

1979: Pope John Paul II became the first pope to visit a communist country as he began a tour of his native Poland.

1987: Death of Andres Segovia, Spanish guitarist

1997: Timothy McVeigh was convicted for his role in the Oklahoma City bombing and later executed.

2012: Former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak was sentenced to life imprisonment for his role in the killing of demonstrators during the 2011 Egyptian revolution.

2012: Death of Richard Dawson, English-American soldier, actor, and game show host

historian said:

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June 2:


1098: First Crusade: The first Siege of Antioch ended with the Crusaders taking the city. The second siege began five days later.

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No doubt this was the first use of the Holy Hand Grenade of Antioch.

June 3:

1140: French scholar Peter Abelard was found guilty of heresy.

1539: Hernando de Soto claimed Florida for Spain.

1657: Death of William Harvey, English physician

1665: James Stuart, Duke of York (later King James II), defeated the Dutch fleet.

1800: Pres. John Adams became the first president to live in Washington, D.C., moving into Union Tavern in Georgetown.

1808: Birthday of Jefferson Davis, American politician and president of the Confederacy

1839: The Chinese destroyed 1.2 million kilograms of opium confiscated from British merchants. This gave the British an excuse for the First Opium War which humiliated the weak country further.

1861: Death of Stephen A. Douglas, American politician

1864: Union forces suffered a devastating defeat after Gen. Ulysses S. Grant made his greatest mistake, ordering a frontal assault on entrenched Confederate forces at Cold Harbor, Virginia. Union forces suffered about 7,000 casualties in less than an hour of fighting.

1864: Birthday of Ransom E. Olds, American businessman, founder of Oldsmobile

1865: Birthday of George V of the United Kingdom

1875: Death of Georges Bizet, French composer of Carmen

1889: The first long distance electric power transmission line in the U.S. was completed in Oregon.

1899: Death of Johann Strauss II, Austrian composer, known as the "Waltz King"

1906: Birthday of Josephine Baker, French actress, singer, and dancer; operative in the French Resistance

1924: Death of Franz Kafka, Czech-Austrian lawyer and author

1925: Birthday of Tony Curtis, American actor

1931: Birthday of Raul Castro, president of Cuba after his president was physically unable to rule

1937: The Duke of Windsor, formerly King Edward VIII, married American divorcee Wallis Warfield.

1940: The German Luftwaffe (air force) bombed Paris, killing 254 civilians. The goal was to terrorize the population and it worked: government officials were only prevented from fleeing the city with the threat of severe penalties. The French surrender would soon follow.

1940: The Battle of Dunkirk ended with a German victory and the allies in retreat.

1942: The Japanese bombed Unalaska Island in the Aleutians.

1943: White sailors with the U.S. Navy and Marines attacked Latino youths in Los Angeles starting theZoot Suit Riotswhich lasted five days.

1965: Maj. Edward H. White III performed the first spacewalk by an American while aboard Gemini 4.

1989: Chinese authorities began the ruthless crackdown of the peace protestors at Tiananmen Square in Beijing.

1989: Death of Ruhollah Khomeini, Iranian religious leader and dictator

2010: Joran van der Sloot was arrested in Chile for the murder of Stephanie Flores in Peru. He remained a suspect in the 2005 disappearance (& possible murder) of an American tourist in Aruba, Natalee Holloway.

2012: The pageant for the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II was held on the River Thames.

2013: Start of the trial of U.S. Army private Bradley Manning for providing classified material to WikiLeaks.

2016: Death of Muammad Ali, American boxer

2017: Islamofascist terrorists attacked the Tower Bridge in London, injuring 48 people.

whitetrash said:

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historian said:

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June 2:


1098: First Crusade: The first Siege of Antioch ended with the Crusaders taking the city. The second siege began five days later.

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No doubt this was the first use of the Holy Hand Grenade of Antioch.

---

No doubt.

historian said:

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June 3:

1140: French scholar Peter Abelard was found guilty of heresy.

1539: Hernando de Soto claimed Florida for Spain.

1657: Death of William Harvey, English physician

1665: James Stuart, Duke of York (later King James II), defeated the Dutch fleet.

1800: Pres. John Adams became the first president to live in Washington, D.C., moving into Union Tavern in Georgetown.

1808: Birthday of Jefferson Davis, American politician and president of the Confederacy

1839: The Chinese destroyed 1.2 million kilograms of opium confiscated from British merchants. This gave the British an excuse for the First Opium War which humiliated the weak country further.

1861: Death of Stephen A. Douglas, American politician

1864: Union forces suffered a devastating defeat after Gen. Ulysses S. Grant made his greatest mistake, ordering a frontal assault on entrenched Confederate forces at Cold Harbor, Virginia. Union forces suffered about 7,000 casualties in less than an hour of fighting.

1864: Birthday of Ransom E. Olds, American businessman, founder of Oldsmobile

1865: Birthday of George V of the United Kingdom

1875: Death of Georges Bizet, French composer of Carmen

1889: The first long distance electric power transmission line in the U.S. was completed in Oregon.

1899: Death of Johann Strauss II, Austrian composer, known as the "Waltz King"

1906: Birthday of Josephine Baker, French actress, singer, and dancer; operative in the French Resistance

1924: Death of Franz Kafka, Czech-Austrian lawyer and author

1925: Birthday of Tony Curtis, American actor

1931: Birthday of Raul Castro, president of Cuba after his president was physically unable to rule

1937: The Duke of Windsor, formerly King Edward VIII, married American divorcee Wallis Warfield.

1940: The German Luftwaffe (air force) bombed Paris, killing 254 civilians. The goal was to terrorize the population and it worked: government officials were only prevented from fleeing the city with the threat of severe penalties. The French surrender would soon follow.

1940: The Battle of Dunkirk ended with a German victory and the allies in retreat.

1942: The Japanese bombed Unalaska Island in the Aleutians.

1943: White sailors with the U.S. Navy and Marines attacked Latino youths in Los Angeles starting theZoot Suit Riotswhich lasted five days.

1965: Maj. Edward H. White III performed the first spacewalk by an American while aboard Gemini 4.

1989: Chinese authorities began the ruthless crackdown of the peace protestors at Tiananmen Square in Beijing.

1989: Death of Ruhollah Khomeini, Iranian religious leader and dictator

2010: Joran van der Sloot was arrested in Chile for the murder of Stephanie Flores in Peru. He remained a suspect in the 2005 disappearance (& possible murder) of an American tourist in Aruba, Natalee Holloway.

2012: The pageant for the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II was held on the River Thames.

2013: Start of the trial of U.S. Army private Bradley Manning for providing classified material to WikiLeaks.

2016: Death of Muammad Ali, American boxer

2017: Islamofascist terrorists attacked the Tower Bridge in London, injuring 48 people.

---

1966(?): Billy Joe McAlester jumped off the Tallahatchie bridge.

Aloha everybody, from Hawaii.

June 4:

1411: King Charles VI granted a monopoly for the ripening of Roquefort cheese to the people of Roquefort-sur-Soulzon.

1561: The steeple of St. Paul's, London's cathedral, was destroyed in a fire caused by lightening. It has never been rebuilt.

1615: The Siege of Osaka: Forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu captured Osaka Castle. Evnetually, this would lead to the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate which would provide Japan with 250 years of peace and prosperity.

1694: Birthday of Franois Quesnay, French economist and physician

1738: Birthday of George III of England

1745: Battle of Hohenfriedberg: Frederick the Great's Prussian army decisively defeated the Austrians during the War of the Austrian Succession.

1754: Lt. Col. George Washington and his men constructed the makeshift Fort Necessity in western Pennsylvania in the early stages of the French and Indian War.

1859: Battle of Magenta: Louis Napoleon's French army defeated the Austrians in the early stages of Italy's wars of unification.

1876: An express train crossed the United States n 83 hours, from New York to San Francisco.

1896: Henry Ford completed the Ford Quadricycle, his first gasoline powered automobile.

1917: The first Pulitzer Prizes were awarded.

1919: Congress passed the 19th amendment granting women the right to vote, once ratified by the requisite number of states.

1939: The MS St. Louis carrying 963 refugees was turned away from Florida after having been turned away from Cuba. Eventually, these refugees were forced to return to Europe and over 200 of them murdered in the Holocaust.

1940: End of Operation Dynamo, the evacuation of 338,000 British and French troops trapped by the Germans on the beaches at Dunkirk was completed. To boost the nation's morale, new prime minister Winston Churchilldelivered his first address to the House of Commons, "We shall fight on the beaches."

1942: Beginning of the Battle of Midway.

1944: Forces of the U.S. captured U-505, a German U-boat. It was the first capture of an enemy naval vessel since the War of 1812.

1961: In the Vienna Summit, Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev sparked the Berlin Crisis by threatening to sign a separate peace with East Germany and British, French, and American access to East Berlin. Also after meeting with America's new president, Khrushchev concluded that John F. Kennedy was weak. Within months, the Soviets began building ballistic missile sites in Cuba.

1966: Birthday of Cecilia Bartoli, Italian soprano and actress

1975: Birthday of Angelina Jolie, American actress and director

1986: Jonathan Pollard admitted to selling top-secret information to Israel.

1989: The barbaric crackdown of peaceful protestors by the Chinese communist government at Tiananmen Square in Beijing became a brutal massacre as hundreds of civilians were killed (maybe thousands) and arrested (many disappearing in the nation's concentration camp system).

1989: Solidarity won victories in Poland's first free parliamentary elections.

2003: Martha Stewart was indicted for securities fraud and obstruction of justice.

2010: Death of John Wooden, basketball player and coach

June 5:

1832: The June Rebellion broke out in Paris as dissatisfied Parisians sought to overthrow the monarchy of Louis Philippe.

1837: The Republic of Texas granted a charter to the city of Houston.

1851: Harriet Beecher Stowe's anti-slavery propaganda masterpiece Uncle Tom's Cabin, began a 10-month serialization in the National Era, an abolitionist newspaper.

1870: A fire raged across a huge section of Constantinople, capital of the Ottoman Empire, killing 900.

1873: Sultan Barghash bin Said closed the great slave market of Zanzibar under a treaty with Great Britain.

1878: Birthday of Pancho Villa, Mexican bandit, general, and politician

1883: The first regularly scheduled Orient Express departed Paris.

1883: Birthday of John Maynard Keynes, British economist

1893: The trial of Lizzie Borden for the murder of her father and step-mother began in New Bedford, Massachusetts.

1900: During the Second Boer War, the British took Pretoria.

1900: Death of Stephen Crane, American writer

1910: Death of O. Henry, American short story writer

1915: Denmark amended their constitution allowing women to vote.

1916: During WWI, the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire began.

1917: Beginning of conscription in the U.S.

1933: The U.S. went off the gold standard when Congress passed a joint resolution nullifying the right of creditors to demand payment in gold. To further stop the hoarding of gold, Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt had ordered two months earlier that all Americans turn over to the Federal Reserve all gold coins and certificates over $100.

1944: More than 1,000 British bombers dropped 5,000 tons of bombs on German positions on the Normandy coast in preparation for the D-Day invasion.

1945: The Allied Control Council, the military occupation governing body of Germany, formally took power.

1947: During a Harvard commencement address, U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall called on the U.S. to aid in the reconstruction of war torn Europe. Eventually Congress would pass the appropriate legislation in what would be called the Marshall Plan.

1956: Elvis Presley introduced a new single, "Hound Dog", on the Milton Berle Show. His hip movements were considered scandalous to some and eventually earned the nickname, "Elvis Pelvis."

1959: The first government of Singapore was sworn in.

1963: The British Secretary of War John Profumo resigned due to a sex scandal.

1967: Beginning of the Six Day War: After several days of bellicose rhetoric and a build of forces along the border by the Arab countries surrounding Israel, the Israeli Air Force launched a surprise attack against Egypt, wiping out their air force.

1968: After winning the California primary and thus securing the Democratic nomination for president, Robert F. Kennedy was assassinated in Los Angeles by Sirhan Sirhan, a Palestinian radical.

1971: Birthday of Mark Wahlberg, American actor

1981: The CDC reports on 5 people in Los Angeles dying from a rare form of pneumonia. These turned out to be the first recognized cases of AIDS.

1984: Operation Blue Star: Under orders from Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, the Indian Army began an invasion of the Golden Temple, the holiest site of Sikhism.

1989: For more than 30 minutes, the Tank Man stopped the progress of a column of Chinese tanks headed to suppress the protests at Tiananmen Square in Beijing.

1999: Death of Mel Torm, American singer-songwriter

2004: Death of former president Ronald Reagan.

2012: Death of Ray Bradbury, American science fiction writer

2017: Six Arab countries (Bahrain, Egypt, Libya, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and the United Arab Emirates) cut diplomatic ties with Qatar, accused of destabilizing the region.

I doubt this is the original footage. More likely, it is from a later performance. I don't know.

June 6:

1599: Birthday of Diego Velazquez, Spanish painter

1755: Birthday of Nathan Hale, American patriot and soldier

1799: Birthday of Alexander Pushkin, Russian author and poet

1832: The National Guard suppressed the June Rebellion in Paris, France.

1833: Pres. Andrew Jackson became the first president to ride an "Iron Horse", a short pleasure trip aboard the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad.

1844: The Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) was founded in London.

1875: Birthday of Thomas Mann, German author and critic

1889: The Great Seattle Fire destroyed downtown.

1861: Death of Count Camillo Benso Cavour, Italian politician central to Italian unification, first prime minister of Italy

1892: The Chicago "L" elevated rail system began operation.

1903: Birthday of Aram Khachaturian, American composer and conductor

1918: Beginning of the Battle of Belleau Wood, the first large scale battle fought by American forces in WWI. The German Spring offensive had been stopped 45 miles from Paris and now the U.S. forces under Gen. John J. Pershing launched a counteroffensive to push the Germans out of the wood. After weeks of intense fighting and heavy casualties, the American forces succeeded.

1926: Birthday of Klaus Tennstedt German conductor

1933: The first drive-in movie theater opened in Camden, New Jersey.

1934: Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt signed into law the Securities and Exchange Act which created the SEC to regulate the stock market.

1942: Battle of Midway: The U.S. Navy won a decisive victory over the Imperial Japanese Navy in the turning point of the Pacific Theater. All four Japanese fleet aircraft carriers participating in the battle were sunk while two American carriers were damaged or sunk.

1944: D-Day: Early in the morning, Allied forces launched the largest amphibious assault to date on the beaches of Normandy, the first step in the liberation of France from German occupation.

1961: Death of Carl Jung, Swiss psychiatrist and psychotherapist

1966: Civil Rights activist James Meredith was shot by a sniper while on a lone march from Memphis, Tennessee to Jackson, Mississippi to encourage black voter registration.

1968: Death of Robert F. Kennedy, politician, after being shot the night before

1976: Death of J. Paul Getty, American businessman

1982: The Lebanon War began as Israeli forces invaded southern Lebanon eventually reaching the capital of Beirut.

1985: A grave in Argentina was exhumed and the remains later proven to be those of Joseph Mengele, the "Angel of Death" at Auschwitz during the Holocaust.

1991: Death of Stan Getz, American saxophonist and jazz innovator

2013: Edward Snowden revealed classified information about how the U.S. government was spying on the American people.

June 7:

1099: During the First Crusade, the siege of Jerusalem began.

1329: Death of Robert the Bruce, Scottish king

1422: Birthday of Federico da Montefeltro, Italian condottiero

1494: Spain and Portugal signed the Treaty of Tordesillas dividing the New World between them.

1628: Charles I agreed to the Petition of Right limiting his power and guaranteeing certain rights to Englishmen. It is one of the more important documents in the British constitution.

1654: Louis XIV was crowned King of France.

1692: Jamaican town of Port Royale, a notorious haven for pirates, was destroyed by a large earthquake and tsunami. In only 3 minutes, 1,600 people were killed with another 3,000 seriously injured.

1776: Richard Henry Lee of Virginia introduced a resolution to the Continental Congress calling for the independence of the colonies from British rule.

1832: The Great Reform Act of England and Wales received royal assent.

1837: Birthday of Alois Hitler, Austrian civil servant, father to a much more famous Hitler

1840: Death of Frederick William III of Prussia

1848: Birthday of Paul Gauguin, French painter and sculptor

1862: The U.S. & United Kingdom agreed to suppress the African slave trade in the Lyons-Seward Treaty.

1863: During the French intervention in Mexico, French forces captured Mexico City.

1892: Homer Plessy was arrested for refusing to leave his seat in a "whites only" area of a streetcar. He would take his case all the way to the Supreme Court where he would lose in the infamous Plessy v Fergusonruling. This legitimized Jim Crow.

1893: Mohandas Gandhi refused to comply with racial segregation laws in South Africa, his first act of civil disobedience.

1896: Birthday of Imry Nagy, Hungarian soldier and politician, Prime Minister of Hungary until that nation's rebellion against Soviet domination in 1956

1899: American Temperance activist Carrie Nationbegan her campaign of vandalizing establishments that served alcohol in Kiowa, Kansas by destroying their inventory.

1905: Norway's parliament dissolved their union with Sweden. A national plebiscite a few months later confirmed the decision.

1906: The Cunard Line launched the RMS Lusitaniafrom their shipyard in Glasgow, Scotland.

1917: Birthday of Dean Martin, American singer, actor, and producer

1929: The Italian Parliament ratified the Lateran Acoords, establishing Vatican City as an independent state among other things.

1937: Death of Jean Harlow, American actress and singer

1938: First test flight of the Douglas DC-4E.

1939: King George VI became the first British monarch to visit the United States.

1942: The U.S. won the Battle of Midway, the turning point in the Pacific theater.

1948: Edvard Benes resigned as President of Czechoslovakia rather than participate in the communist takeover of his country.

1966: Ronald Reagan was nominated by the California GOP as their candidate for governor.

1967: During the Six Day War, Israeli soldiers entered Jerusalem.

1981: The Israeli Air Force destroyed Iraq's Osiraq nuclear reactor.

1982: Priscilla Presley opened Graceland to the public, except for the bathroom where Elvis died.

1991: Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines erupted, generating an ash column 4.3 miles high.

2015: Death of Christopher Lee, English actor

June 8:

632: Death of Muhammad, founder of Islam

1042: Edward the Confessor became King of England, their penultimate Anglo-Saxon king.

1376: Death of Edward, the Black Prince, son of Edward III of England

1789: Speaker of the House James Madison introduced 12 proposed amendments to the U.S. Constitution. Eventually 10 of them would become the Bill of Rights.

1794: Robespierre inaugurated a new state religion during the French Revolution, the Cult of the Supreme Being, with large organized festivals throughout France but distinctly apart from Christianity.

1795: Death of Louis Charles, youngest son of Louis XVI (guillotined during the French Revolution) and considered by royalists to be Louis XVII although he never reigned

1809: Death of Thomas Paine, American patriot, author of "Common Sense"

1810: Birthday of Robert Schumann, German composer

1845: Death of Andrew Jackson, American general and president of the U.S.

1861: Tennessee seceded from the Union.

1867: Coronation of Franz Joseph as king of Hungary after the Ausgleich, the creation of the Dual Monarchy. The Austrian Empire is now the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

1867: Birthday of Frank Lloyd Wright, American architect

1916: Birthday of Francis Crick, English biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist, co-discoverer of DNA

1925: Birthday of Barbara Bush, First Lady of the U.S., married to Pres. George H.W. Bush

1936: Birthday of James Darren, American actor

1940: Birthday of Nancy Sinatra, American singer and actress

1948: Completion of the first prototype Porsche

1949: Publication of 1984 by George Orwell

1949: Several prominent Americans including Helen Keller, Dorothy Parker, Danny Kaye, Frederic March, and John Garfield were named in an FBI report as members of the Communist Party.

1949: Birthday of Emanuel Ax, Polish-American pianist

1966: NFL & AFL announced their merger

1968: Arrest of James Earl Ray for the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.

1968: Burial of Sen. Robert F. Kennedy

1972: During the Vietnam War, 9 year old Phan Thi Kim Phuc was burned by napalm, resulting in an iconic, Pulitzer Prize winning photo. Thankfully, she survived.

1995: Capt. Scott O'Grady, a U.S. Air Force pilot shot down in Bosnia, was rescued by the Marines.

2001: A mass stabbing at an elementary school in Japan resulted in 8 dead and 15 injured.

2008: A mass stabbing in Tokyo resulted in 7 people killed and 10 injured.

Is Muhammad still dead? Yep, what I thought!

June 9:

411 BC: The Athenian coup during the Peloponnesian War successfully produced an oligarchy known as the Four Hundred but it did not last long.

53: Roman Emperor Nero married Claudia Octavia.

747: Abbasid Revolution: Abu Muslim Khorasani started a rebellion against the Umayyadleaders.

1534: French explorer Jacques Cartier discovered and mapped the St. Lawrence River.

1672: Birthday of Peter the Great, Russian tsar

1732: James Oglethorpe as granted a royal charter for a colony at Georgia. It was a philanthropic enterprise and also designed to provide a buffer against the Spanish in Florida. Also, slavery was banned.

1768: Birthday of Samuel Slater, English engineer who brought English industrial designs to America, circumventing British authorities by memorizing them

1772: A British naval vessel, the Gaspee, ran aground along the Rhode Island coast and was burned by colonists angry with the British government.

1781: Birthday of George Stephenson, English engineer who designed the Liverpool and Manchester Railway

1815: The Congress of Vienna concluded, establishing a general peace after the Napoleonic Warsa peace that would last almost a century.

1856: Five hundred Mormons left Iowa on the Mormon Trail.

1862: Stonewall Jackson ended his successful Shenandoah Valley Campaign with a victory in the Battle of Port Republic.

1885: The Treaty of Tientsin was signed ending the Sino-French War. China eventually gave up territories to France, including most of modern Vietnam.

1891: Birthday of Cole Porter, American composer and songwriter

1915: William Jennings Bryan resigned as Secretary of State over policy differences with Pres. Woodrow Wilson related to the war in Europe.

1916: Birthday of Robert McNamara, American businessman and politician, Secretary of Defense under presidents Kennedy and Johnson

1917: Birthday of Eric Hobsbawm, Egyptian-English historian

1931: Birthday of Jackie Mason, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter

1954: During the Army-McCarthy hearings, special counsel for the US Army Joseph Welch lashed out at Sen. Joseph McCarthy.

1959: The first nuclear powered ballistic submarine, the USS George Washington,was launched.

1963: Birthday of Johnny Depp, American actor

1964: The CIA issued a report challenging the belief in the "domino theory": that if Vietnam became communist, neighboring countries would follow their example.

1967: During the Six Day War Israeli forces captured the Golan Heights.

1972: Severe rainfall in the Black Hills of South Dakota caused a dam to burst, flooding Rapid City and killing 238 people.

1973: Secretariat won the Triple Crown with a victory at Belmont Stakes in record time.

1978: The Mormon church opened its priesthood to blacks.

1981: Birthday of Natalie Portman, Israeli-American actress

The Athenian coup???? What did they do with all the AO's and Kappa Thetas?

If you attended BU after about 1980 you may not understand!

Notice the date: that was 411 BC, during the Peloponnesian War, a century before Alexander the Great.

;-)

June 10:

1190: Frederick Barbarossa of the Holy Roman Empire drowned while crossing a river during the Third Crusade.

1523: The army of Frederick I of Denmark surrounded Copenhagen since the city refused to recognize him as the successor to Christian II.

1688: Birthday of James Francis Edward Stuart, claimant to the English and Scottish throne

1692: Bridget Bishop of Salem in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, became the first to be hanged as a witch in what became the witch scare.

1752: American scientist and inventor Benjamin Franklin flew a kite during a thunderstorm to demonstrate the connection between lightning and electricity.

1775: During the Second Continental Congress, meeting in Philadelphia, John Adams proposed the patriot forces laying siege to British occupied Boston, be labeled a Continental Army and that George Washington of Virginia be named its commander.

1793: After the arrests of Girondin leaders, the Jacobins gained control of the Committee of Public Safety in Revolutionary France, turning it into a dictatorship. The Reign of Terror would soon begin.

1805: During the First Barbary War, Yusuf Karamanli signed a peace treaty between the Tripolitanians and the U.S.

1819: Birthday of Gustave Courbet, French-Swiss painter and sculptor

1854: First graduating class from the U.S. Naval Academy.

1898: U.S. Marines began the invasion of Cuba in the Battle of Guantanamo Bay during the Spanish-American War.

1916: Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca declared theArab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire.

1918: Death of Arrigo Boito, Italian author, poet, librettist, and composer

1921: Birthday of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, married to Queen Elizabeth II

1922: Birthday of Judy Garland, American singer and actress

1924: Fascists kidnapped and murdered Italian Socialist leader Giacomo Matteotti in Rome.

1935: Founding of Alcoholics Anonymousby Bill Wilson and Dr. Robert Smith.

1940: Norway surrendered to the Germans

1940: Italydeclared war on France and Great Britain

1940: Death of Marcus Garvey, Jamaican journalist and civil rights activist

1942: Lidice massacre: Under orders from Hitler, the village of Lidice was completely destroyed in reprisal for the assassination of Obergruppenfhrer Reinhard Heydrich. All 173 men aged 15 and above were murdered while 184 women and 88 children were sent to the Chelmno extermination camp and gassed. A few children considered racially suitable were handed over to SS families to be Germanized.

1944: The Germans massacred 642 men, women, & children at Oradour-sur-Glane, France.

1944: German forces massacred 218 men, women, & children at Distomo, Boeotia, Greece.

1944: 15-year old Joe Nuxhall of the Cincinnati Reds became the youngest ever player to play in a major league baseball game.

1947: Saab produced its first automobile.

1967: Israel and Syria agreed to a cease-fire in the Six Day War.

1967: Death of Spencer Tracy, American actor

1971: Birthday of Bobby Jindal, American journalist and politician, former governor of Louisiana

1988: Death of Louis L'Amour, American novelist

1996: Peace talks began in Northern Ireland without the participation of Sinn Fein.

1997: Khmer Rouge leader Pol Pot ordered the killing of his defense chief and 11 members of his family before fleeing his northern stronghold.

1999: During the Kosovo War, NATO suspended airstrikes after Slobodan Milosevicagreed to withdraw Serbian forces from Kosovo.

2003: Death of Donald Regan, American colonel and politician, White House Chief of Staff under Pres. Ronald Reagan

2004: Death of Ray Charles, American singer-songwriter

June 11:

323 BC: Death of Alexander the Great

1184 BC: Troy was sacked and burned during the Trojan War (date according to calculations by Eratosthenes)

1509: Marriage of the future king Henry VIII to Catherine of Aragon of Spain, daughter of Ferdinand & Isabella.

1560: Death of Mary of Guise, queen of James V of Scotland

1594: Philip II of Spain recognized the rights and privileges of local nobles and chieftains in the Philippines, eventually stabilizing Spanish rule over their colony.

1727: Death of George I of England

1770: British explorer Captain James Cook ran aground on the Great Barrier Reef near Australia.

1776: The Continental Congress appointed a committee of five members to draft the Declaration of Independence. Thomas Jefferson, primary author, was aided by John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, & Robert Livingston.

1776: Birthday of John Constable, English painter and academic

1859: Death of Klemens von Metternich, Austrian politician, State Chancellor of the Austrian Empire

1864: Birthday of Richard Strauss, German composer

1879: Death of William, Prince of Orange

1888: Birthday of Bartolomeo Vanzetti, Italian-American anarchist and convicted felon

1894: Birthday of Kiichiro Toyoda, Japanese businessmen, founder of Toyota

1895: The Paris-Bordeaux-Paris took place. It is sometimes called the first automobile race in history.

1910: Birthday of Jacques Cousteau, French biologist, author, and inventor, co-developed the aqua-lung

1913: Birthday of Vince Lombardi, American football player, coach, and manager

1933: Birthday of Gene Wilder, American actor and director

1937: The Great Purge: Joseph Stalin had 8 leaders of the Soviet Red Army executed.

1942: The U.S. agreed to send Lend-Lease aid to the Soviet Union.

1944: Allied forces from the D-Day landing in France converged in Normandy.

1944: Commissioning of the USS Missouri, the last battleship built by the U.S. and site of the Japanese surrender to end WWII.

1949: Grand Ole Opry debut of Hank Williams, Sr.

1956: Birthday of Joe Montana, American football player and sportscaster

1963: The University of Alabama was desegregated after Gov. George Wallace chose not to defy the federalized National Guard.

1963: A Buddhist monk immolated himself to protest the lack of religious freedom under the government of South Vietnam.

1963: Pres. John F. Kennedy addressed the American people from the Oval Office proposing a new civil rights act. This would result in the Civil Rights Act of 1964, after his death, which provided equal access to public facilities, ended segregation of public schools, and began the dismantling of Jim Crow laws.

1967: The Israeli forces defeated the neighboring countries of Egypt, Syria, and Jordan in the Six Days War through a UN-brokered cease fire. They also gained control of the Golan Heights, the Sinai Peninsula, and Judea & Samaria (aka the West Bank) along with eastern Jerusalem, formerly controlled by Arabs.

1979: Death of John Wayne, actor

2001: Timothy McVeigh was executed for his role in the Oklahoma City bombing.

2003: Death of David Brinkley, American journalist and author

2018: 3 World Trade Center opened officially

A tribute to Hank

June 12:

1381: Peasants Revolt in England

1429: Joan of Arc led the French army in the capture of Jargeau along with the English commander during the Hundred Years War.

1550: Gustav I of Sweden founded the city of Helsinki, as Finland was under Swedish control at the time.

1775: British general Thomas Gage declared martial law in Massachusetts. The British offered amnesty to any colonists who would lay down their arms except Sam Adams and John Hancock would be hanged if captured.

1776: Virginia adopted the Virginia Declaration of Rights.

1898: Filipino rebels led by Emilio Aguinaldo declared independence of the Philippines from Spanish rule.

1914: Turkish irregulars massacred dozens of Greeks and expelled thousands more in an ethnic cleansing of the Ottoman Empire.

1924: Birthday of George H. W. Bush, future president of the U.S.

1939: The Baseball Hall of Fame opened in Cooperstown, New York.

1942: Anne Frank received a diary as a birthday present.

1943: German forces liquidated the Jewish Ghetto in Brzezany, Poland. Almost 1,200 Jews were led to the city's old graveyard and shot.

1944: American paratroopers of the 101stAirborne Division secured Carentan in Normandy, France.

1963: Assassination of civil rights leader Medgar Evers.

1964: Anti-Apartheid activist and ANC leader Nelson Mandela was sentenced to life in prison.

1967: The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Loving v Virginia that state laws prohibiting interracial marriage were unconstitutional.

1975: Indian prime minister Indira Gandhi was convicted of election fraud.

1987: Pres. Ronald Reagan delivered a speech in West Berlin with the Berlin Wall and Brandenburg Gate as backdrop, challenging Soviet Premiere Mikhail Gorbachev to "tear down this wall!"

1990: The parliament of the Russian Federation formally declared their sovereignty.

1991: Boris Yeltsin was elected as President of Russia.

1994: Murder of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman outside her home in Brentwood, California. Her ex-husband, O. J. Simpsonwas the main suspect.

1997: Queen Elizabeth II reopened the Globe Theater in London.

2016: A terrorist gunman attacked a nightclub in Orlando killing 49.

2017: Otto Warmbier returned from captivity in North Korea in a comatose state. He died soon after.

2018: Pres. Donald Trump met with Kim Jong-un of North Korea in Singapore, the first meeting between leaders of the two countries.

June 13:

323 B.C.: Alexander the Great died in Babylon at the age of 33.

40: Birthday of Gnaeus Julius Agricola, Roman general

313: The decisions of the Edict of Milan signed by Constantine the Great and Valerius Licinius granting religious freedom throughout the Roman Empire were published in Nicomedia.

823: Birthday of Charles the Bald, Holy Roman Emperor

839: Birthday of Charles the Fat, Holy Roman Emperor

1381: During the Peasants' Revolt, a large mob of peasants marched on London to begin burning and looting.

1525: Martin Luther married Katherina von Bora, a former nun.

1774: Rhode Island became the first British North American colony to ban the importation of slaves.

1777: The Marquise de Lafayette, a 19 year old French aristocrat, arrived in South Carolina so that he could serve with Gen. George Washington.

1786: Birthday of Winfield Scott, American general

1807: Pres. Thomas Jefferson was subpoenaed to testify in the treason trial of his former vice president, Aaron Burr. He refused to appear to help Burr but Chief Justice John Marshall acquitted Burr anyway for lack of evidence.

1863: Birthday of Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon, English fashion designer, one of the more prominent survivors of the Titanicsinking

1865: Birthday of W. B. Yeats, Irish poet

1886: Death of Ludwig II, king of Bavaria, supporter of opera composer Richard Wagner, builder of magnificent palaces and castles such as Neuschwanstein, Linderhof, & Herrenchiemsee

1893: Pres. Grover Cleveland noticed a rough spot in his mouth and underwent a secret surgery to remove a cancerous portion of his jaw. The surgery was a success and not made publicly until years after his death.

1927: Aviator Charles Lindbergh received a ticker tape parade down 5thAvenue in New York City.

1944: Germany launched the first V-1 attack on England. Only 4 of 11 Flying Bombs (rockets) hit their targets.

1953: Birthday of Tim Allen, American actor, comedian, and producer

1965: Death of Martin Buber, Austrian-Israeli philosopher and theologian

1966: The U.S. Supreme Court announced its ruling in the landmark case of Miranda v. Arizona, establishing the requirement that Americans accused of crimes must be informed of the rights, or be "Mirandized."

1967: Pres. Lyndon B. Johnson nominated Thurgood Marshall to become the first black Supreme Court justice.

1971: The New York Timespublished the "Pentagon Papers", parts of stolen classified documents relating to the war in Vietnam.

1982: Fahd became the King of Saudi Arabia after the death of his brother Kahlid.

1983: Pioneer 10 departed our solar system, the first man-made object to do so, over 11 years after its launch on March 2, 1972.

1986: Death of Benny Goodman, American clarinetist, songwriter, and bandleader

1996: The Montana Freemen surrendered after an 81 day standoff with the FBI.

1997: A jury sentenced Timothy McVeigh to death for his part in the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing.

2000: Pres. Kim Dae-jung of South Korea met with Kim Jung-il of North Korea for the beginning of the first ever inter-Korea summit.

2002: The U.S. withdrew from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.

2008: Death of Tim Russert, American journalist and lawyer

2010: Death of Jimmy Dean, American singer and businessman, founder of Jimmy Dean Foods

2015: A man opened fire on policemen outside the Dallas police headquarters and a bag containing a bomb was also found. He was later shot dead by the police.

June 14:

1158: The city of Munich was founded on the banks of the river Isar by Henry the Lion.

1690: King William III of England landed in Ireland to confront the former James II.

1775: The Continental Congress established the Continental Army, marking the beginning of the U.S. Army.

1777: Flag Day: Congress adopted the Stars and Stripes as America's national flag

1789: The survivors of the HMS Bounty reached Timor a few weeks after their famous mutiny.

1801: Death of Benedict Arnold, American general during the War for Independence, later traitor and British spy

1811: Birthday of Harriet Beecher Stowe, abolitionist author of Uncle Tom's Cabin

1825: Death of Pierre Charles L'Enfant, French-American architect and engineer, designer of Washington, D.C.

1846: Beginning of the Bear Flag Revolt in Mexican California. American explorer John C. Fremontwas one of the instigators of the rebellion which aided in the eventual annexation of California during the Mexican-American War which began that year.

1855: Birthday of Robert M. LaFollette, American lawyer and politician, Governor of Wisconsin

1900: Hawaii became a US territory.

1920: Death of Max Weber, German sociologist and economist

1925: Birthday of Pierre Salinger, American journalist and politician, White House Press Secretary under Pres. Kennedy

1926: Death of Mary Cassatt, American-French painter

1928: Death of Emmeline Pankhurst, English suffragette

1928: Birthday of Ernesto "Che" Guevara, Argentinian-Cuban physician, author, guerrilla leader, politician and terrorist

1936: Death of G. K. Chesterton, English essayist, poet, playwright, and novelist

1940: German forces conquered Paris.

1940: 728 Polish political prisoners became the first inmates of the Auschwitz concentration camp.

1941: The Soviets began the first mass deportations and mass murders of Estonians, Latvians, and Lithuanians.

1946: Birthday of Donald Trump, American businessman, television personality, and U.S. President

1949: Albert II, a rhesus monkey, rode a V-2 rocket to an altitude of 83 miles to become the first monkey in space.

1952: Birthday of Pat Summit, American basketball player and coach

1954: Pres. Dwight D. Eisenhower signed a bill into law adding the words "under God" to the Pledge of Allegiance.

1966: The Vatican announced the abolition of the Index of Forbidden Books first established in 1557.

1982: End of the Falklands War: Argentina surrendered after their failed effort to conquer the islands controlled by the UK.

1985: TWA flight 847 from Athens to Rome was hijacked by Shiite Hezbollah terrorists and forced to land in Beirut, Lebanon. The terrorists' efforts to single out Jews failed thanks to the protection of an airline employee. An American member of the US Navy, was the only passenger killed but the rest of the hostages were eventually released.

1994: Death of Henry Mancini, American composer

2005: Death of Carlo Maria Giulini, Italian conductor and director

2007: Death of Kurt Waldheim, Secretary General of the United Nations, President of Austria

2017: A crazed gunman shot 5 people at a practice for a charity baseball game, including Congressman Steve Scalise.

June 15:

763 BC: Assyrians recorded a solar eclipse that was later used to establish a chronology of Mesopotamian history.

1215: King John agreed to the Magna Carta after a rebellion by English barons. It would be foundational in the development of English concepts of rights, including due process also important to Americans.

1300: Dante Alighieri was named one of the priors of Florence, a position of some political importance.

1300: Founding of the city of Bilbao.

1330: Birthday of Edward, the Black Princeof England

1479: Birthday of Lisa del Giocondo, Italian model who posed for Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa

1502: Christopher Columbus landed on Martinique during his fourth and final voyage to the New World.

1520: Pope Leo X threatened to excommunicate Martin Luther.

1667: The first human blood transfusion was administered by Dr. Jean-Baptiste Denys.

1767: Birthday of Rachel Jackson, wife of Pres. Andrew Jackson

1775: George Washington was named commander of the Continental Army.

1808: Joseph Bonaparte, brother of the French Emperor, became King of Spain.

1836: Arkansas was admitted as the 25thstate in the Union.

1843: Birthday of Edvard Grieg, Norwegian pianist and composer

1844: Charles Goodyear received a patent for vulcanization, a process to strengthen rubber.

1846: Representatives of the Great Britain & the US signed the Oregon Treaty establishing the border between the US and Canada.

1849: Death of James K. Polk, American lawyer and politician, & president of the U.S.

1864: Beginning of the Civil War Battle of Petersburg. It would be an important victory for Ulysses S. Grant, commander of the Army of the Potomac.

1864: Arlington National Cemetery was established from 200 acres, formerly of the Robert E. Lee plantation.

1877: Henry Ossian Flipper became the first black American to graduate from West Point.

1888: The German Crown Prince became Kaiser Wilhelm II, the last emperor of the Second Reich, due to the death of his predecessors Wilhelm I and Frederick III.

1888: Death of Frederick III, German Emperor

1896: The deadliest tsunami in Japan's history killed over 22,000.

1914: Birthday of Yuri Andropov, Soviet politician and briefly premier

1916: Pres. Woodrow Wilson signed a bill incorporating the Boy Scouts of America, the only American youth organization with a federal charter.

1917: Congress passed the Espionage Act as part of America's WWI policies.

1921: Bessie Coleman earned her pilot's license to become the first black woman pilot.

1946: The U.S. presented the Baruch Plan for the international control of atomic weapons to the United Nations.

1970: Charles Manson went on trial for the Sharon Tate murders.

1977: The first democratic elections in Spain took place after the death of dictator Francisco Franco.

1991: Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines erupted killing over 800 people. It was the second largest volcanic eruption of the 20thcentury.

1996: Death of Ella Fitzgerald, American jazz singer

2019: Death of Franco Zeffirelli, Italian film director

June 16:

1487: King Henry VII of England defeated the Yorkists in the Battle of Stoke Field to end the Wars of the Roses.

1586: Mary, Queen of Scots, recognized Philip II of Spain as her heir and successor.

1723: Birthday of Adam Smith, Scottish philosopher and economist, "Father of Capitalism"

1779: Spain declared war on Great Britain and began the Great Siege of Gibraltar.

1829: Birthday of Geronimo, Native American tribal leader

1836: The formation of the London Working Men's Association gave rise to the Chartist Movement, a lower class push for reform in England.

1846: The Papal conclave of 1846 elected Pius IX, the longest serving pope in history.

1858: Abraham Lincoln gave his famous "House Divided" speech at the Republican Illinois Convention in Springfield.

1858: Death of John Snow, English epidemiologist and physician

1884: The first roller coaster opened in America at Coney Island. At traveled at a blazing speed o 6 mph.

1897: The Republic of Hawaii was annexed by treaty and the republic would be dissolved the next year.

1903: Incorporation of the Ford Motor Company

1911: IBM was founded in Endicott, New York as the Computing-Tabulating Recording Company.

1917: Birthday of Katherine Graham, American publisher (Washington Postand Newsweek)

1933: Congress passed the National Industrial Recovery Act, a key part of the New Deal. It provided for the cartelization of American businesses with antitrust protections along with wage and price controls and eventually would be declared unconstitutional.

1940: A Communist government was installed in Lithuania.

1958: Imry Nagy and other leaders of the 1956 Hungarian Uprising were executed.

1961: Russian ballet star Rudolf Nureyev defected from the Soviet Union while on tour with the Kirov Balet in Paris.

1963: Soviet cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to travel in space.

1970: Death of Brian Piccolo, American football player

1976: A non-violent march by 15,000 students in Soweto, South Africa turns into days of rioting after police opened fire on the crowd.

1977: Death of Wernher von Braun, German-American physicist and engineer, father of American space program

2016: The first Disney Park in mainland China opened in Shanghai.

2017: Death of Helmut Kohl, German politician, Chancellor of Germany

2019: As many as 2 million people participate in the 2019-20 Hong Kong protests.

Brian's Song, the movie about Brian Piccolo is a classic!

It was first shown while I was in high school and I watched with my parents. Watched it the second time in the tv room, 3rd floor, Penland Hall, freshman year. Tears filled the room both times!

Fat Daddy said:

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Brian's Song, the movie about Brian Piccolo is a classic!

It was first shown while I was in high school and I watched with my parents. Watched it the second time in the tv room, 3rd floor, Penland Hall, freshman year. Tears filled the room both times!

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I've watched it a half-dozen times and have never made it without boohooing.

June 17:

1239: Birthday of Edward I, English king

1579: During his circumnavigation of the globe, English explorer Francis Drake claimed California for England.

1631: Mumtaz Mahal died during childbirth. Her husband, Mughal emperor Shah Jahan I, would spend the next 17 years building her mausoleum, the Taj Mahal.

1775: Beginning of the Battle of Bunker Hill: British General Thomas Gage ordered his troops ordered a frontal assault on the American's fortified position on Breed's Hill.

1789: France's Third Estate declared itself the National Assembly.

1818: Birthday of Charles Gounod, French composer

1882: Birthday of Igor Stravinsky, Russian composer

1885: The Statue of Liberty arrived in New York Harbor. A gift from the people of France, it was initially intended to celebrate the nation's centennial in 1876 but the project was delayed due to funding difficulties.

1898: Birthday of M. C. Escher, Dutch illustrator

1900: Birthday of Martin Bormann, Hitler's private secretary

1901: The College Board introduced the first standardized test, the forerunner to the SAT.

1930: Pres. Herbert Hoover signed the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act into law, his greatest mistake. This dramatically raised duties on many imported goods at eventually resulting in reprisals when the economy was very unstable and needed more trade, not less. Some economists see this as one of the biggest causes of the Great Depression.

1932: Bonus Army March: About 1,000 WWI veterans met at the U.S. Capitol to pressure the Senate to pass a bill that would give them their war bonuses early in light of the deteriorating economy. Pres. Hoover would order the army to clear them out in a huge public relations fiasco.

1933: Union Station massacre: In Kansas City, Missouri, 4 FBI agents and captured fugitive Frank Nash were gunned down by gangsters trying to free Nash.

1939: The last public guillotining in France.

1940: France surrendered: What was left of the French government announced plans to sign an armistice with the Germans.

1940: The three Baltic statesEstonia, Latvia & Lithuaniafell under Soviet occupation.

1943: Birthday of Newt Gingrich, American politician, Speaker of the House in the 1990s, author of the "Gingrich Revolution"

1943: Birthday of Barry Manilow, American singer-songwriter and producer

1951: Birthday of Joe Piscopo, American actor and comedian

1953: East German workers protested against the oppressive communist government. The demonstrations were brutally suppressed by the Soviets' Red Army.

1967: China announced a successful test of its first thermonuclear weapon.

1972: Five burglars were arrested for breaking into the Democratic National Committee headquarters in the Watergate Complex in Washington, D.C. The amateurish crime would spark multiple investigations and eventually lead to the resignation of Pres. Richard M. Nixon in disgrace in the biggest political scandal in U.S history.

1986: Death of Kate Smith, American singer

1991: The South African Parliament repealed the Population Registration Act requiring racial classification of all South Africans at birth. It was a key piece of Apartheid legislation.

1994: O.J. Simpson led the police on a low-speed chase along IH 405 in Los Angeles culminating in his arrest for the murder of his ex-wife and her friend.

2008: Death of Cyd Charisse, American actress and dancer

2015: A crazed gunman entered Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina killing nine people attending a Bible Study. Family members of the victims later publicly forgave the gunman.

historian said:

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June 17:


1943: Birthday of Newt Gingrich, American politician, Speaker of the House in the 1990s, author of the "Gingrich Revolution"

1943: Birthday of Barry Manilow, American singer-songwriter and producer

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Never realized Newt and Barry were "twins" (joining such other famous twins as Andy Griffith/Marilyn Monroe, Paul McCartney/Roger Ebert, George W Bush/Sylvester Stallone, and Tonya Harding/my ex-wife).